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Report
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The behavioral drives of youth – forming an identity, standing out, competing, seeking connection, exploration and validation – create unexpected dynamics with modern technology and society. With the youngest entering…
US
Marketing and Advertising
simple
US Marketing to Gen Z Consumer Report 2025
"Gen Z continues to challenge institutions and ways of work and life as they advance further into adulthood amidst rapid social, technological and political change."
This report examines Gen Z attitudes and behaviors from a marketing standpoint, and how brands can effectively connect with this generation of consumers. Gen Z consumers are defined as being born 1997-2010. In 2025, members of Gen Z are between the ages of 15 and 28.
Marketing to US Gen Z – Consumer Insights
The behavioral drives of youth – forming an identity, standing out, competing, seeking connection, exploration and validation – create unexpected dynamics with modern technology and society. With the youngest entering high school and the eldest past the median age of first child birth, this generation enters its most diverse phase in terms of life stage. Adding to this morass of complex interactions are recent drops in consumer sentiment due to uncertain and extreme tariff policies of the current administration. Related societal shifts have caused a political gender rift that requires brands to monitor and potentially adjust messaging.
Gen Z, while being digital natives, still struggles to tell truth from falsehood, a shared affliction with older generations. But unlike jaded Gen Xers and older, Gen Zs enthusiastically approach and evaluate new media platforms. Digital hobbies and socialization are norms for this generation, but the benefits of in-person interactions still have them congregating in brick and mortar venues.
Gen Zs, less committed to how they live and work due to their earlier life stage, adapt to modern changes with agility, and are a testing ground for future norms.
This Report Looks at the Following Areas:
The information sources Gen Zs trust to make decisions in a rapidly changing world
Product discovery platforms and their spending habits and priorities
Gen Z teens’ values, what prompts them to share something with their peers, and their visual preferences
Top sources of stress and how they cope
The reasons Gen Z boycotts brands
How they spend their time and what their ideal third spaces look like
Opportunities for brands and examples and analysis of marketing and products
Collapse All
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
What you need to know
Market scenario 1: tariffs and deglobalization
Market scenario 2: partial return of the status quo
Opportunities
Invite evaluation and discussion
Paint a shared future for a generation with a lifetime ahead of them
Catharsis through humor, acknowledgement of issues and rejection of norms
A growing divide between genders deserves frank discussion and introspection
MARKET DYNAMICS
Market context
Who are Gen Z and what has shaped them?
Gen Z by the numbers – the people
A generation in transition makes Gen Z difficult to pin down
Graph 1: population, by generation, 2018-28
Gen Z continues a long trend of a racially, ethnically and sexually diversifying US
Graph 2: identifying as LGBTQ+, by generation, 2012-24*
Graph 3: generations, by race, 2023
Economic realities and cultural changes have shifted life priorities
Graph 4: average age of mother at first birth, 1980-2020
Life after high school looms for the youngest Gen Z
Graph 5: percent of population over 25 with a 4 years of college education or more, 1997-2022
Graph 6: college tuition and fees price index, 1997-2024
Gen Z by the numbers – finances
Gen Z is gaining spending power
Graph 7: after-tax income minus expenditures, annual average, by generation, 2016-22
Every year, potentially 2 million Gen Zs enter the workforce*
Graph 8: employment status of civilian noninstitutional population, by age group, 2024
Credit card delinquency by younger consumers has increased since 2021
Graph 9: transition into serious delinquency, consumers aged 18-29, by debt type, 2018-25
Consumer sentiment for all age groups is plunging amid uncertainty
Graph 10: consumer sentiment index, by age group, 2022-25
CONSUMER INSIGHTS
Consumer fast facts
Information sources and trust
Gen Z is not immune to overall consumers’ concerns over information
Consumers, awash in information, struggle to determine the truth
Gen Z’s life experiences and exposures influence their confidence towards evaluating information
Gen Z’s split opinions on information sources requires careful evaluation before partnering
Graph 11: Gen Z adults – change of trust in information sources, 2025
Partner with the greatest winners of Gen Z’s trust
Graph 12: net change of trust in information sources, by Gen Z adults vs all, 2025
Brands must consistently invest in building trust to avoid the fate of legacy information sources
Graph 13: net change in trust in information sources, by generation, 2025
Experience and life stage create different biases between generations
Address Gen Z parents’ pragmatism with immediate, actionable information
Graph 14: Gen Z adults – net change of trust in information sources, by parental status, 2025
Target AI solutions and content to adult Gen Z demos with a positive perception
Teen Gen Z users of AI trend towards the affluent and urban
Break through the Dunning Krueger effect by establishing commonality of goals
Product discovery
Social media takes shares away from from retail websites and in-store product discovery
Adult Gen Z’s higher reliance on social media for product discovery is at the expense of retailers
Graph 15: product discovery platforms, by Gen Z adults vs all, 2025
Social media offers a convenient platform for product discovery by busy Gen Z parents
Graph 16: Gen Z adults – product discovery platforms, by parental status, 2025
Parenting influencers offer moments of commiseration and humor
Gen Z teens rely more on friends, family and retail websites compared with Gen Z adults
Graph 17: Gen Z teens – product discovery platforms, 2025
Gender differences in product discovery suggest Gen Z girls seek social proof while boys seek a competitive edge
Graph 18: Gen Z teens – product discovery platforms, by gender, 2025
Social media outperforms other platforms for passive product discovery
Graph 19: Gen Z teens – index of product discovery platforms, by attitude towards out-of-school learning, 2025
Spending priorities
Categories vulnerable to price increases through tariffs are top teen Gen Z spend categories
Graph 20: Gen Z teens – typical spend categories, 2025
Gen Z adults are saving up for traditional milestones, but travel remains important
Graph 21: top purchase categories saving for (select up to three), by Gen Z adults vs all, 2025
US: percentage of personal consumption expenditures that are imported, by category, 2023
Help adult Gen Z achieve life goals for a brighter shared future
Graph 22: Gen Z adults – top purchase categories saving for (select up to three), by those who “have trouble saving up for big purchases,” 2025
Gen Z teens: values for messaging
Gen Z teens’ pragmatism reflects their turbulent upbringing and awareness of current events
Teens’ focus on financial stability reflects growing fear about the future
Graph 23: Gen Z teens – most important goals as an adult (any rank 1-3), 2025
Gen Z teens with greater confidence in finances turn their focus towards creativity, freedom and activism
Graph 24: Gen Z teens – most important goals as an adult (any rank 1-3), by household income level, 2025
More than half of teens cite humor as a motivator for sharing experiences with a friend
Graph 25: Gen Z teens – motivations for sharing something seen or heard, 2025
Teen humor’s intractability for adults is the point
Almost half of Gen Z teens have some idea of their “personal style”
Graph 26: Gen Z teens – most important aspect of appearance of purchases (select up to three), 2025
Urban teens sacrifice a consistent look for uniqueness and association with IPs
Graph 27: Gen Z teens – most important aspect of appearance of purchases (select up to three), by area, 2025
What is “cute”? An aesthetic that elicits protective instinct
Graph 28: Gen Z teens – “cute” as an important aspect of appearance of purchases (selected among top three), by gender and area2025
What is “cool”? A challenge to the mainstream
Graph 29: Gen Z teens – “cool” an important aspect of appearance of purchases (selected among top three), by select demos, 2025
Stressors and coping mechanisms
Gen Z adults have greater focus on circumstance they have control over
Graph 30: top stressors (any rank 1-3), by Gen Z adults vs all, 2025
Target educated Gen Zs with politics and other broader social messaging
Graph 31: Gen Z adults – top stressors (any rank 1-3), by educational attainment, 2025
Paint a hopeful picture of the future to align with Gen Z teens’ values
Graph 32: Gen Z teens – most important goals as an adult (any rank 1-3), 2025
Offer sympathy, solutions and vision to address Gen Z teens’ immediate and future worries
Graph 33: Gen Z teens – select top stressors (any rank 1-3) and most important goals as an adult (any rank 1-3), by gender, 2025
Understand coping strategies to better target and message stressed-out Gen Z adults
Graph 34: Gen Z adults – activities to relieve stress, 2025
Stressed parents crave discussion, non-parents want to turn their brain off with social media
Graph 35: Gen Z adults – activities to relieve stress, by parental status, 2025
Gen Z adults: reasons for boycotting
A confluence of factors make Gen Z adults more likely boycotters than older generations
Youth and technology combine to organize Gen Z dissatisfaction
Gen Z is sensitive to “unfair hiring practices,” a possible dog whistle for perceived unfair DEI hiring
Graph 36: reasons for participating in a boycott, by Gen Z adults vs all, 2025
Certain issues enflame self-identified values-driven consumers more than others
Graph 37: Gen Z adults – reasons for participating in a boycott, by those who “buy from brands that align with my beliefs,” 2025
The Gen Z gender divide in politics is real
Graph 38: Gen Z adults – reasons for participating in a boycott, by gender, 2025
A week in the life of Gen Z
Gen Z adults allocate their time between socialization, self-improvement and relaxation
Graph 39: Gen Z adults – frequency of activities, 2025
Screens dominate Gen Z teens’ time outside of school
Screens dominate Gen Z teens’ most frequent activities
Graph 40: Gen Z teens – frequency of activities, 2025
Gen Z adults and teens are more likely to be “hanging out online” daily than “hanging out in-person”
Graph 41: hanging out online – done every day/almost daily, by select Gen Z demos, 2025
Gen Z feels social connection from the many available genres of streaming
Third spaces
Gen Z values socializing in spaces for new connections
Graph 42: spaces to meet in-person, by Gen Z adults vs all, 2025
Gen Z adults’ ideal third space has accommodations for both group and solo activities
Outgoing Gen Z adults prefer third spaces fit for group activities and accessible by personal transport
In-person marketing to Gen Z teens in commercial spaces is still viable
Graph 43: Gen Z teens – spaces to hang out in-person, 2025
Fashion, food, gaming and hobbies are keeping malls relevant
INNOVATION AND MARKETING STRATEGIES
Launch activity and innovation
Meet Gen Z’s needs and address their concerns to grab their attention and time
Content is king: Gen Z is primed to consume diverse, international entertainment
Thingtesting and other ecommerce sites are innovating to fight the issue of fake reviews
Gatcha elements and cute design make PopMart a viral success with Gen Z
Marketing and advertising
Convey a shared history – and future – with audiences to establish commonality
Is cringe… in?
Don’t flip the on-switch when Gen Z is de-stressing
The green movement has built-in credibility with Gen Z
APPENDIX
Market definition
Consumer research questions
Consumer research questions – continued
Consumer research methodology
Consumer research methodology – TURF
TURF data
TURF data 2
Generations
Abbreviations and terms
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